Conventions

Definition

Convention: A convention is a regularly observed practice established over time.

Example - Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017)

A few seconds into the short clip, a series of shallow depth of field is seen which showcases 4 characters playing a game in an old-looking garage. Then, a medium close-up shot was used to film the 4 characters' changes in emotions when something odd happens to their surroundings. A boy with a blue shirt stood up to look for the problem as a shallow depth of field is used to show how the other 3 character was constantly worried about what was happening. After that, the camera shots change to a deep depth of field, showing everything that happens in the scene, including all the characters' changes in emotion as they are slowly entering the game world. 

A point-of-view shot is then used when a character is running in a jungle before falling from a height down to the ground. This shot helps the viewer to have a better understanding of how the character views the world after being stuck in a game, which in this case is in the jungle. Moreover, the point-of-view also shows the character's emotion which is terrified by the weird surroundings and trying to run, hoping to escape from it. Viewers are also able to see the birds-eye view when the character falls down into the jungle, showcasing how the jungle looks from above.

The character is then revealed as a bulky, muscular bald man using a low-angle shot, which helps to build the man's power. Then, a big close-up is used to capture the man's emotion as he starts to realize something is off about the environment. Then, an extreme wide shot is used as an establishing shot which establishes the surroundings that the character is in, in the context of Jumanji, it is a jungle with trees and greens everywhere.

After the introduction of the first character, the other 3 are slowly revealed when 2 of them fall behind the bald man. During the process, a shallow depth of field is used which only partly shows something just fell, until a close-up shot of them rolling on the ground finally reveals the 2 other characters. A series of shot-reverse-shots is then applied to the scene where the 3 characters kept looking at each other, trying to figure out what just happened. By using this shot, it is easy to see that the characters are completely unaware of why they are here and don't know why their appearance changes.